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Title VII: disparate impact and the UGESP four-fifths rule

A selection procedure with disparate impact is unlawful unless job-related and consistent with business necessity, and a less discriminatory alternative can still be required; a selection rate under four-fifths of the highest group's rate is generally regarded as evidence of adverse impact

By Reviewed

From clause to evidenceThe chain from Title VII / UGESP Title VII s. 703(k); 29 CFR 1607.4(D) to its evidence record, in 6 steps; the text alternative lists them and the facts under the figure state each in full.ClauseTitle VII /UGESPTitle VII s.Duty holderEmployersApplies from1978-08-25In forceArtefactAdverse-impact-ratioeval per group…LayersLayer 03Layer 05Evidence recordEvidence recordv1Same topic elsewhere: no crosswalk topic files this clause yetAs of 2026-09-24 · illustrative, not a claim of conformity From clause to evidenceThe chain from Title VII / UGESP Title VII s. 703(k); 29 CFR 1607.4(D) to its evidence record, in 6 steps; the text alternative lists them and the facts under the figure state each in full.ClauseTitle VII / UGESP · Title VII s. 703Duty holderEmployersApplies from1978-08-25 · In forceArtefactAdverse-impact-ratio eval per group…LayersLayer 03Layer 05Evidence recordEvidence record v1Same topic elsewhere: no crosswalk topicfiles this clause yetAs of 2026-09-24illustrative, not a claim of conformity
From clause to evidence Build the artefact, then file every output it produces as a record that names AIGE-OBL-USFED-TITLE7-703K. Drawn from chapter 08.
Text alternative
  • Clause: Title VII / UGESP, Title VII s. 703.
  • Duty holder: Employers.
  • Applies from: 1978-08-25, In force.
  • Artefact: Adverse-impact-ratio eval per group….
  • Layers: Layer 03, Layer 05.
  • Evidence record: Evidence record v1.
  • Record schema: Evidence record.
  • No crosswalk topic files this clause yet.
Id
AIGE-OBL-USFED-TITLE7-703K
Instrument
Title VII and the Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures law
Clause
Title VII s. 703(k); 29 CFR 1607.4(D)
In scope
Employers
Authority
EEOC; courts
Applies from
In force · UGESP adopted 1978-08-25 (43 FR 38295); s. 703(k) since 1991-11-21

The artefact that evidences it

Adverse-impact-ratio eval per group with counts and confidence intervals; job-relatedness validation; alternatives search log.

Patterns that build it

Source

Chapter 08, section Federal law that already reaches AI, checked against its sources on the review date above.

Machine-readable

Cite this obligation

García Aibar, J. (2026). Title VII: disparate impact and the UGESP four-fifths rule (AIGE-OBL-USFED-TITLE7-703K). In AI Governance Engineering: The Thesis & Body of Knowledge (v0.5.0). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22956197. https://aigovernanceengineer.com/obligations/aige-obl-usfed-title7-703k. CC BY 4.0

BibTeX

@misc{aige2026obligation,
  author       = {Jorge García Aibar},
  title        = {{Title VII: disparate impact and the UGESP four-fifths rule (AIGE-OBL-USFED-TITLE7-703K)}},
  howpublished = {In AI Governance Engineering: The Thesis \& Body of Knowledge},
  year         = {2026},
  version      = {0.5.0},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.22956197},
  url          = {https://aigovernanceengineer.com/obligations/aige-obl-usfed-title7-703k},
  note         = {Version 0.5.0}
}