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TDM exception

By Updated

Two EU copyright exceptions for text and data mining (DSM Directive) 1. Article 3 covers scientific research by research organisations and cultural heritage institutions; no reservation or contract can override it (Article 7(1)). Article 4 lets anyone mine lawfully accessible works, AI training included, unless the rightholder has reserved it, for online content in an appropriate manner such as machine-readable means.

Developed in
ch. 20, Copyright and training data
Chapters
ch. 20, Existing Law
Contrast with
Fair use · Rights reservation (TDM opt-out)
Source
1 numbered reference, listed below

Where it is used

One chapter of the Body of Knowledge uses the term. Each link opens the first section that does.

Sources

  1. [1] Directive (EU) 2019/790 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market (Art. 3: text and data mining for scientific research by research organisations and cultural heritage institutions; Art. 4: a general exception subject to an express reservation, in an appropriate manner such as machine-readable means for content made publicly available online; Art. 7(1): contract terms contrary to Art. 3 are unenforceable). Official Journal of the EU (EUR-Lex). 2019-04-17. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2019/790/oj (verified: primary)

Definitions of legal terms paraphrase the cited text, which governs. Dated statements are as of .

Cite this term

García Aibar, J. (2026). TDM exception. In AI Governance Engineering: The Thesis & Body of Knowledge (v0.5.0), Glossary. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22956197. https://aigovernanceengineer.com/glossary/tdm-exception. CC BY 4.0

BibTeX

@misc{aige2026tdmexception,
  author  = {Jorge García Aibar},
  title   = {{TDM exception}},
  note    = {Glossary, AI Governance Engineering: The Thesis \& Body of Knowledge, version 0.5.0},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.5281/zenodo.22956197},
  url     = {https://aigovernanceengineer.com/glossary/tdm-exception}
}