AI Governance Engineer
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TDM exception

By Updated

Two EU copyright exceptions for text and data mining (DSM Directive) 1. Article 3 covers scientific research by research organisations and cultural heritage institutions; no reservation or contract can override it (Article 7(1)). Article 4 lets anyone mine lawfully accessible works, AI training included, unless the rightholder has reserved it, for online content in an appropriate manner such as machine-readable means.

Developed in
ch. 20, Copyright and training data
Chapters
ch. 20, Existing Law
Contrast with
Fair use · Rights reservation (TDM opt-out)
Source
1 numbered reference, listed below

Where it is used

One chapter of the Body of Knowledge uses the term. Each link opens the first section that does.

TDM exception: mentions per chapter4 mentions of the term across 1 of the 23 chapters of the Body of Knowledge; the chapters the glossary cross-references are drawn solid.Cross-referenced chapter20 Existing Law: 4 mentions20 Existing Law4No mentions in the other 22 chaptersSource: the Body of Knowledgev0.5.0
TDM exception: mentions per chapter4 mentions of the term across 1 of the 23 chapters of the Body of Knowledge; the chapters the glossary cross-references are drawn solid.Cross-referenced chapter0001020304050607081011121314151617181920 Existing Law: 4 mentions420212223Source: the Body of Knowledge v0.5.0
Mentions per chapter How often each chapter names the term, with the chapters the glossary cross-references drawn solid. The longest bar is where to read the term in use; bars spread across many chapters mark a term that runs through the discipline.
Mentions as a table
Mentions of TDM exception per chapter
ChapterMentionsCross-referenced
00 Preface0No
01 Definition0No
02 Why Now0No
03 Values & Principles0No
04 The Stack0No
05 Patterns0No
06 The Role0No
07 Maturity Model0No
08 Regulatory Map0No
10 Reading List0No
11 AI Defined0No
12 Governance Program0No
13 Risk Management0No
14 Development0No
15 Deployment0No
16 Fairness & XAI0No
17 Incidents0No
18 EU AI Act0No
19 Privacy & AI0No
20 Existing Law4Yes
21 AI Laws Worldwide0No
22 Principles & Standards0No
23 AI Agents0No

Sources

  1. [1] Directive (EU) 2019/790 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market (Art. 3: text and data mining for scientific research by research organisations and cultural heritage institutions; Art. 4: a general exception subject to an express reservation, in an appropriate manner such as machine-readable means for content made publicly available online; Art. 7(1): contract terms contrary to Art. 3 are unenforceable). Official Journal of the EU (EUR-Lex). 2019-04-17. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2019/790/oj (verified: primary)

Definitions of legal terms paraphrase the cited text, which governs. Dated statements are as of .

Cite this term

García Aibar, J. (2026). TDM exception. In AI Governance Engineering: The Thesis & Body of Knowledge (v0.5.0), Glossary. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22956197. https://aigovernanceengineer.com/glossary/tdm-exception. CC BY 4.0

BibTeX

@misc{aige2026tdmexception,
  author  = {Jorge García Aibar},
  title   = {{TDM exception}},
  note    = {Glossary, AI Governance Engineering: The Thesis \& Body of Knowledge, version 0.5.0},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.5281/zenodo.22956197},
  url     = {https://aigovernanceengineer.com/glossary/tdm-exception}
}