---
title: "Rights reservation (TDM opt-out)"
description: "A rightholder's express reservation of text and data mining under Article 4(3) of the DSM Directive, which takes the content out of the general mining exception; for content made publicly available…"
canonical: https://aigovernanceengineer.com/glossary/rights-reservation-tdm-opt-out
author: "Jorge García Aibar"
license: "CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)"
doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22956197
version: "0.5.0"
updated: 2026-09-26
---

# Rights reservation (TDM opt-out)

A rightholder's express reservation of text and data mining under Article 4(3) of the DSM Directive, which takes the content out of the general mining exception; for content made publicly available online it must be made in an appropriate manner, such as machine-readable means [1]. General-purpose AI model providers must identify and comply with such reservations [2].

- Developed in: [ch. 20, Artefacts that evidence IP compliance](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/bok/existing-law#artefacts-that-evidence-ip-compliance); [ch. 05, Pattern: Training-Data Rights Ledger](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/patterns/training-data-rights-ledger)
- Chapters: [ch. 05, Patterns](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/bok/patterns) · [ch. 08, Regulatory Map](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/bok/regulatory-map) · [ch. 12, Governance Program](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/bok/governance-program) · [ch. 20, Existing Law](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/bok/existing-law)
- Contrast with: [TDM exception](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/glossary/tdm-exception)
- In the glossary chapter: https://aigovernanceengineer.com/bok/glossary#t-rights-reservation-tdm-opt-out

## Sources

[1] Directive (EU) 2019/790 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market (Art. 3: text and data mining for scientific research by research organisations and cultural heritage institutions; Art. 4: a general exception subject to an express reservation, in an appropriate manner such as machine-readable means for content made publicly available online; Art. 7(1): contract terms contrary to Art. 3 are unenforceable). Official Journal of the EU (EUR-Lex). 2019-04-17. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2019/790/oj (verified: primary)
[2] Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (AI Act), consolidated text as amended by Regulation (EU) 2026/1744 (Digital Omnibus on AI, in force 27 Jul 2026; definitions in Art. 3, incl. 3(1), 3(3) to 3(14), 3(14b), 3(20), 3(22), 3(23), 3(29) to 3(32), 3(49), 3(55) to 3(57), 3(60), 3(61), 3(63), 3(68); Arts. 4, 5, 6 (incl. 6(3) third subparagraph, profiling), 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 22 to 27 (incl. 26(11)), 40, 41, 43, 47, 48, 50, 53 (incl. 53(1)(c)), 55, 57, 60, 72, 73, 86; Annexes I, III, IV). Publications Office of the EU (EUR-Lex). 2026-07-27. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/2026-07-27/eng (verified: primary)