---
title: "Near miss"
description: "A hazard that a control, or luck, interrupted before harm occurred: the guardrail blocked the exfiltration, the reviewer caught the invented dosage."
canonical: https://aigovernanceengineer.com/glossary/near-miss
author: "Jorge García Aibar"
license: "CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)"
doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22956197
version: "0.5.0"
updated: 2026-09-25
---

# Near miss

A hazard that a control, or luck, interrupted before harm occurred: the guardrail blocked the exfiltration, the reviewer caught the invented dosage. Near-miss data is evidence; the GPAI Code of Practice asks providers to report connected near-miss patterns with serious incidents [1].

- Developed in: [ch. 17, Incident, hazard, issue and serious incident](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/bok/incidents#incident-hazard-issue-and-serious-incident)
- Chapters: [ch. 17, Incidents](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/bok/incidents)
- Contrast with: [AI hazard](https://aigovernanceengineer.com/glossary/ai-hazard)
- In the glossary chapter: https://aigovernanceengineer.com/bok/glossary#t-near-miss

## Sources

[1] General-Purpose AI Code of Practice, Safety and Security chapter (Commitment 9, serious incident reporting, Measure 9.2; Appendix 1.4 specified systemic risks, incl. loss of control). European Commission. 2025-07-10. https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/redirection/document/118119 (verified: primary)